Endocrinology
The Diagnosis of Canine Hyperadrenocorticism
Diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism (HAC) or Cushing's syndrome is difficult in some cases due to factors such as the presence of nonadrenal illness and limitations in the tests.
Emergency Medicine/Critical Care
Treating Environmental Lung Injuries: Drowning and Smoke Inhalation
Managing environmental lung injuries in dogs and cats differs from the care given for other types of respiratory compromise. Here’s what you need to know to provide appropriate supportive care.
Pharmacology
Telmisartan for Treating Systemic Hypertension
A review of the mechanism of action of the angiotensin II receptor blocker telmisartan; plus, its use in veterinary medicine to date.
Radiology/Imaging
Sonography Assessment: Overview of AFAST and TFAST
Welcome to our series of articles on small animal abdominal ultrasonography.
Exotic Medicine
Hypervitaminosis A in Reptiles
In reptiles, the clinical signs of hypervitaminosis A are typically manifested in the skin.
Hepatology
Feeding Cats With Chronic Kidney Disease: Customizing the Nutritional Management Plan
Nutritional intervention is the cornerstone for maintaining health and quality of life for cats with chronic kidney disease.
Pain Management
Gabapentin and Amantadine for Chronic Pain: Is Your Dose Right?
The scientific mechanisms of gabapentin and amantadine support their use as part of analgesic protocols for chronic pain relief in dogs and cats. Each can effectively treat chronic pain, but how do you know when to choose one drug over the other?
Oncology
Clinical Approaches to Common Ocular Tumors
In companion animals, intraocular tumors are relatively uncommon, but those that do occur can be primary, metastatic, or locally invasive.
Neurology
Gait Abnormality: Musculoskeletal or Neurologic Condition?
When an animal is presented to you with a history of lameness or a gait abnormality, you need to determine whether the problem is musculoskeletal, neurologic, or both, so you can recommend the appropriate treatment.